Encyclopedia entry
Supreme (Superior) Thoracic Artery
Abstract
The supreme (superior) thoracic is occasionally missing (10%, Poynter). In 10% of cases the supreme thoracic provided a branch to the second intercostal space. It may replace the pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial and may itself arise as a branch of the thoracoacromial artery (2.5%, Poynter). When absent, it is represented by the lateral thoracic (0.5%) or by the thoracoacromial (2.5%).
The supreme (superior) thoracic is occasionally missing (10%, Poynter).
In 10% of cases the supreme thoracic provided a branch to the second intercostal space.
It may replace the pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial and may itself arise as a branch of the thoracoacromial artery (2.5%, Poynter).
When absent, it is represented by the lateral thoracic (0.5%) or by the thoracoacromial (2.5%).
Riferimenti dell’opera originale
Elenco riportato come compare nella fonte, senza normalizzazione dei formati bibliografici.
- Bergman, R.A., Thompson, S.A., Afifi, A.K. and F.A. Saadeh. (1988) Compendium of Human Anatomic Variation: Catalog, Atlas and World Literature. Urban & Schwarzenberg. Baltimore and Munich.
- Bovero, A. (1907) Morphologie des arteres de la glande mammaire. Arch. Ital. Biol. 48:486-487.
- DeGaris, C.F. and W.B. Swartley. (1928) The axillary artery in white and negro stocks. Am. J. Anat. 41:353-397.
- Hitzrot, J.M. (1901) A composite study of the axillary artery in man. Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bull. 12:136-145.
- Huelke, D.F. (1959) Variation in the origins of the branches of the axillary artery. Anat. Rec. 135:33-41.
- P'an, Ming Tzu. (1940) The origin of the branches of the axillary artery in the Chinese. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 27:269-279.
- Poynter, C.W.M. (1922) Congenital anomalies of arteries and veins of the human body with bibliography. The University Studies of the University of Nebraska. 22:1-106.
- Trotter, M., Henderson, J.L., Gass, H., Brua, R.S., Weisman, S., Agress, H., Curtis, G.H. and E.R. Westbrook. (1930) The origins of branches of the axillary artery in Whites and in American Blacks. Anat. Rec. 46:133-137.
Anatomical classification
- Systems:
- Cardiovascular system
Content provenance
Adaptation
Adaptation of «Supreme (Superior) Thoracic Artery — Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Opus I: Muscular System» by Ronald A. Bergman, Adel K. Afifi, Ryosuke Miyauchi. Source: https://www.anatomyatlases.org/AnatomicVariants/Cardiovascular/Text/Arteries/ThoracicSupreme.shtml Original work distributed under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.it). Adaptation by Redazione AIVA. Changes from the original: Testo originale inglese riprodotto integralmente e riorganizzato nel formato scheda del portale (sintesi, testo, riferimenti), senza modificarne le affermazioni. La traduzione italiana non è ancora stata eseguita, e la pagina lo dichiara. Le figure non sono state copiate: sono collegate alla pagina d’origine. This publication is not approved or endorsed by the authors of the original work.
Licence
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